The vitreous is a sac of jelly like substance that fills the eye, and gives it its shape. It is located behind the lens, and is attached to the retina.

As we get older, the vitreous shrinks in size causing it to tug on the retina. As a result, small clumps or particles may appear in the vitreous. Because they are suspended in this jelly like fluid, they often hang suspended and don’t float downward.

As light passes through the pupil and back onto the retina, some of the floaters may be located in this light path. If the light hits a floater, it will form a shadow on the back of the retina and may appear to you as a spot or bug moving around in your field of vision.

Sometimes when the shrinking vitreous tugs on the retina, it may cause you to see a flash of light. However, in rare instances, the retina may even tear from this tugging action causing a flash of light as well. This can be a serious condition which requires immediate attention.

For the most part, floaters and flashes are just an annoyance, but they can be signs of serious conditions such as retinal detachment. If you notice a sudden increase in the amount of floaters and flashes you see, consult your eye care provider immediately.

Blepharitis is a common problem for both children and adults. It is an inflammation that affects the eyelids and eyelashes and can be brought on by bacterial infections, poor eyelid hygiene, excessive oil production and allergic reactions. There are two types of blepharitis; anterior and posterior.

Anterior blepharitis affects the front of the eyelids where the eyelashes attach. It is caused by bacteria or dandruff from the scalp. Symptoms include redness of eyelids, itching, irritation and a crusty build up on the eyelid.

Posterior blepharitis affects the inner eyelid and is caused by a problem with the oil gland within the eyelid. It is characterized by redness and swelling of the eyelid, along with itching, burning, tearing and irritation.

Blepharitis can be treated in a variety of ways including cleaning and massaging eyelids, applying a warm compress and antibiotics. However, long term effects can cause problems, so it is important to consult with your eye care provider.